{"id":2845,"date":"2017-03-12T18:18:19","date_gmt":"2017-03-12T17:18:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/roboblog.fatal-fury.de\/?p=2845"},"modified":"2017-03-15T10:46:10","modified_gmt":"2017-03-15T09:46:10","slug":"biologie-dna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/roboblog.fatal-fury.de\/?p=2845","title":{"rendered":"Biologie++ - DNA \/ RNA \/ UNA"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Aus: On the repliaton of desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by M. Delbr\u00fcck<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\nThe structure proposed by Watson and Crick consists of <strong>two polynucleotide chains wound helically around a common axis<\/strong>, tied together by hydrogen bounds between the purine and pyrimidine side chains.<br \/>\nThese side chains of the two chains are aranged so that <strong>adenine is always matched with thymine<\/strong> and <strong>guanine with cytosine<\/strong>.<br \/>\nThe sequence of bases along either chains is not subject to any restrictions, but once the sequence along on chain is given, the sequence along the other chain is completely determinded. This sequence, then, constitutes the genetic information, a linear message written in a four-symbol code. The duplex of the two chains contains the information in a twofold redundance. Each chain has a directional polarity because of the nonequivalence of the 3- and 5- positions through which each pentose is linked to the preceding and the following phosphate group in the chan. This polarity runs in opposite directions in the two chains of the duplex.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Und ein \u00dcbersetzungsversuch<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\nThe Struktor vorgeschlagen von Watson und Crick besteht aus <strong>zwei poly nukleotide Ketten welche sich spiralf\u00f6rmig um eine gemeinsame Achse winden.<\/strong> Sie sind zusammengebunden durch Wasserstoffbr\u00fccken zwischen der purine? und pyrimidine? Seitenketten.<br \/>\nDie Seitenketten von den beiten Ketten sind so angeordnet, dass <strong>Adenine immer passend zu Thymine<\/strong> und <strong>Guanine mit Cytosine<\/strong> angeordnet sind.<br \/>\nDie Sequenz von Basen von einer Kette ist keiner Beschr\u00e4nkung unterlegen, aber sobald die Sequnez entlang einer Kette festliegt, so ist die Sequenz der anderen Kette komplett festgelegt. Diese Sequenz stellt die genetische Information dar. Eine lineare Nachricht, geschrieben in ein vier Symbol Code.<br \/>\n??? zweifachen Redundance. Jede Kette hat eine Richtungspolarit\u00e4t weil 5- und 3- nicht equivalent sind. Die 5- und 3- Positionen durch welche jede pentose verbunden ist durch die vorangegangene und n\u00e4chste Phosphategruppe in der Kette. Die beiden Ketten verlaufen in entgegengesetzen Richtungen.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Und ein wenig aus <a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Desoxyribonukleins%C3%A4ure\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Die Gene in der DNA enthalten die Information f\u00fcr die Herstellung der Ribonukleins\u00e4uren (RNA, im Deutschen auch RNS). Eine wichtige Gruppe von RNA, die mRNA, enth\u00e4lt wiederum die Information f\u00fcr den Bau der Proteine (Eiwei\u00dfe), welche f\u00fcr die biologische Entwicklung eines Lebewesens und den Stoffwechsel in der Zelle notwendig sind. Innerhalb der Protein-codierenden Gene legt die Abfolge der Basen die Abfolge der Aminos\u00e4uren des jeweiligen Proteins fest: Im genetischen Code stehen jeweils drei Basen f\u00fcr eine bestimmte Aminos\u00e4ure.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<pre>\r\nDNA --Info--> RNA -| (message)mRNA --Info--> Proteine | (Base,Base,Base) -> Aminos\u00e4ure\r\n                   | (ribosomale) rRNA\r\n                   | (transfer) tRNA\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>Es gibt noch UNA, unique nucleotide sequence. Eine Definition habe ich bei <a href=\"http:\/\/medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com\/unique+DNA\">medical-dictionary<\/a> gefunden:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>unique DNA<br \/>\nDNA sequences that occur only once in the haploid genome<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Ja, ein St\u00fcck DNA, dass es so nur einmal im Kochtopf gibt, damit beim Assemblieren der Gene nichts falsch verbunden wird.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aus: On the repliaton of desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by M. Delbr\u00fcck The structure proposed by Watson and Crick consists of two polynucleotide chains wound helically around a common axis, tied together by hydrogen bounds between the purine and pyrimidine side chains. These side chains of the two chains are aranged so that adenine is always [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[43],"class_list":["post-2845","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-allgemein","tag-biologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/roboblog.fatal-fury.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2845","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/roboblog.fatal-fury.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/roboblog.fatal-fury.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/roboblog.fatal-fury.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/roboblog.fatal-fury.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2845"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"http:\/\/roboblog.fatal-fury.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2845\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2874,"href":"http:\/\/roboblog.fatal-fury.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2845\/revisions\/2874"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/roboblog.fatal-fury.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2845"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/roboblog.fatal-fury.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2845"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/roboblog.fatal-fury.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}